From Polygons to Ultradiscrete Painlevé Equations

Abstract

The rays of tropical genus one curves are constrained in a way that defines a bounded polygon. When we relax this constraint, the resulting curves do not close, giving rise to a system of spiraling polygons. The piecewise linear transformations that preserve the forms of those rays form tropical rational presentations of groups of affine Weyl type. We present a selection of spiraling polygons with three to eleven sides whose groups of piecewise linear transformations coincide with the Bäcklund transformations and the evolution equations for the ultradiscrete Painlevé equations.