Hamburger packages: Properties for improvement of product evaluation

Abstract

In this article the authors introduce the concept of workplace incivility and explain how incivility can potentially spiral into increasingly intense aggressive behaviors. To gain an understanding of the mechanisms that underlie an 'incivility spiral,' the authors examine what happens at key points: the starting and tipping points. Furthermore, they describe several factors that can facilitate the occurrence and escalation of an incivility spiral and the secondary spirals that can result. They offer research propositions and discuss implications of workplace incivility for researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Academy of Management Review is the property of Academy of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)