Purification of Phosphoric Acid by Liquid‐Liquid Equilibrium

Abstract

Various ternary and quaternary liquid-liquid phase equilibrium data for water þ phos-phoric acid þ solvent(s) have been reported. Salting-out, solvent, and temperature effects on the binodal curve and the tie lines have been highlighted and the capability of solvents with different functional groups to extract phosphoric acid from water has been compared. Studying of influence of magnetic, electromagnetic, and ultrasonic fields on the separation factors and distribution coefficients of aqueous phosphoric acid mixtures has been proposed. Moreover, a summary of the optimized binary interaction values, which resulted from non-random two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) thermodynamic models using genetic algorithm (GA), bee algorithm (BA), and simulated annealing (SA), has been presented. Group method of data handling (GMDH) and linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) methods for the correlation of experimental liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data have been used.