On simulating scalar transport by mixing between Lagrangian particles

Abstract

Lagrangian particles with mixing can be used as direct numerical simulations (DNS), large eddy simulations (LES), or filtered density function (FDF) methods depending on conditions of the simulations. We estimate major parameters associated with the DNS, LES, and FDF regimes and demonstrate that, under certain conditions specified in the paper, simulations using different mixing models approach the DNS limit. © 2007 American Institute of Physics.