Functional ultrasound imaging of intrinsic connectivity in the living rat brain with high spatiotemporal resolution

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Abstract

Long-range coherences in spontaneous brain activity reflect functional connectivity. Here we propose a novel, highly resolved connectivity mapping approach, using ultrafast functional ultrasound (fUS), which enables imaging of cerebral microvascular haemodynamics deep in the anaesthetized rodent brain, through a large thinned-skull cranial window, with pixel dimensions of 100μm × 100μm in-plane. The millisecond-range temporal resolution allows unambiguous cancellation of low-frequency cardio-respiratory noise. Both seed-based and singular value decomposition analysis of spatial coherences in the low-frequency (<0.1Hz) spontaneous fUS signal fluctuations reproducibly report, at different coronal planes, overlapping high-contrast, intrinsic functional connectivity patterns. These patterns are similar to major functional networks described in humans by resting-state fMRI, such as the lateral task-dependent network putatively anticorrelated with the midline default-mode network. These results introduce fUS as a powerful novel neuroimaging method, which could be extended to portable systems for three-dimensional functional connectivity imaging in awake and freely moving rodents.

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Osmanski, B. F., Pezet, S., Ricobaraza, A., Lenkei, Z., & Tanter, M. (2014). Functional ultrasound imaging of intrinsic connectivity in the living rat brain with high spatiotemporal resolution. Nature Communications, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6023

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