The authenticity of the founding of Tito's Yugoslavia as a federation

  • Flere S
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Abstract

It is widely accepted that Tito's Yugoslavia was institutionally founded at AVNOJ, namely the Second Session of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia, held on November 29, 1943 in Bosnian woods. At the assembly, a Decree concerning the federal organization was to be adopted. The Decree contained principles of Yugoslavia's future organization (six republics, along with the parity of republics and nationalities). Neither scholars nor politicians, in the former country and abroad, have questioned the veracity of the assertion that the Decree was adopted at this Session. The Decree was instrumental in the communist drive to impose a federation and communism, when confronted with pre-war politicians in the Transitional and Constitutional Assemblies, in 1945 and 1946. The communists were able to claim that federalism had already been instituted. Later, the Decree was widely invoked during Tito's Yugoslavia, both by those who advocated greater ''states' rights'' and by those claiming that Yugoslavia was already too decentralized. On closer inspection, it is more than questionable whether such constitutional Decree could have been adopted in such a situation. Many issues the decree governs were matters of contention and final decision making within AVNOJ after the Second Session (and in 1945). Technicalities also point to the Decree not being adopted at that moment, but in an informal situation by the communist leaders at a later date, however, not later than February 1945. Nevertheless, the Decree widely functioned as a source of legitimacy and an instrument for setting certain limits in the political life of the former state.Široko je prihvađeno da je Titova Jugoslavija bila institucionalno utemeljena tokom zasedanja AVNOJ-a, naime tokom Drugog zasedanja Antifašističkog veća narodnog oslobođenja Jugoslavije, održanog 29. novembra 1943. u bosanskim šumama. Na skupštini je trebalo da bude usvojena povelja koja se tiče federativne organizacije. Odluka je sadržavala principe buduće organizacije Jugoslavije (šest republika, zajedno sa paritetom republika i nacionalnosti). Ni istraživači ni političari u bivšoj zemlji i u inostranstvu nisu dovodili u pitanje istinitost tvrdnje da je deklaracija usvojena na ovom zasedanju. Odluka je bila instrumentalna u nastojanju komunista da nametnu federaciju i komunizam, kada su bili suočeni sa predratnim političarima i Prelaznom i Ustavotvornom skupštinom, 1945. i 1946. godine. Komunisti su mogli da tvrde kasnije da je federalizam već uspostavljen. Kasnije, na Odluku su se naširoko pozivali tokom Titove Jugoslavije, kako oni koji su se zalagali za veća 'prava država' tako i oni koji su tvrdili da je Jugoslavija već bila previše decentralizovana. Pri bližem ispitivanju, više je nego upitno da li je takva ustavna povelja mogla da bude usvojena u takvoj situaciji. Mnoga pitanja kojima se odluka bavi bila su sporna i predmet konačnog odlučivanja AVNOJ-a posle Drugog zasedanja (i 1945. godine). Tehnički detalji takođe ukazuju da Odluka nije usvojena u tom momentu, nego da je usvojena u neformalnoj situaciji od strane komunističkih vođa nekog kasnijeg datuma, ali ne kasnije od februara 1945. Ipak, Odluka je sve vreme funkcionisala kao izvor legitimiteta i instrument za postavljanje određenih ograničenja u političkom životu bivše države.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Flere, S. (2018). The authenticity of the founding of Tito’s Yugoslavia as a federation. Socioloski Pregled, 52(4), 1115–1146. https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg52-19443

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