Peluang dan Tantangan Pengembangan Pariwisata di Kawasan Cagar Budaya Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta

Abstract

Abstrak Kawasan cagar budaya Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta yang disebut Baluwarti merupakan kawasan permukiman tradisional yang banyak dihuni oleh abdi dalem dan sentana dalem Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta. Menyadari potensi budaya yang dimiliki, masyarakat berupaya untuk mengembangkan pariwisata. Akan tetapi sudah satu dekade, usaha tersebut belum juga memberikan hasil nyata. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis peluang dan tantangan pengembangan pariwisata di kawasan permukiman yang berada dalam pengaruh penguasa lokal tradisional. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan data mendalam melalui wawancara, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi. Pemilihan narasumber dilakukan dengan teknik snowball purposive. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif analitis Miles dan Huberman. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagai permukiman yang berada di kawasan cagar budaya Keraton Kasunanan, Baluwarti memiliki banyak potensi budaya. Namun norma-norma dan pandangan budaya yang melekat kuat dalam diri masyarakat Baluwarti terhadap tatanan budaya keraton, menyebabkan pariwisata sulit berkembang di Baluwarti. Masyarakat memerlukan keterbukaan pihak Keraton sebagai panutan untuk bersama-sama membangun pariwisata Baluwarti agar Keraton dan masyarakat mendapatkan manfaat pariwisata. Kata kunci: Baluwarti, Kawasan Cagar Budaya, Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta, Pengembangan Pariwisata, Penguasa Lokal Tradisional. Opportunities and Challenges of Tourism Development in the Cultural Heritage Area of the Kasunanan Surakarta PalaceAbstractThe cultural heritage area of the Kasunanan Surakarta Palace which is called Baluwarti is a traditional settlement area which is mostly inhabited by abdi dalem and sentana dalem Kasunanan Surakarta Palace. Realizing the cultural potential they have, the community strive to develop tourism. However, for a decade, these efforts have not yielded tangible results. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the opportunities and challenges of tourism development in residential areas that are under the influence of traditional local authorities. A qualitative approach is used to obtain in-depth data through interviews, observations, and documentation. The selection of sources was carried out using the snowball purposive technique. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analytical methods by Miles and Huberman. This research shows that as a settlement located in the cultural heritage area of the Kasunanan Palace, Baluwarti has a lot of cultural potential. However, cultural norms and views that are strongly inherent in the Baluwarti community against the palace's cultural order, make it difficult for tourism to develop in Baluwarti. The community needs the openness of the Keraton as a role model to jointly build Baluwarti tourism so that the Palace and the community can benefit from tourism.Keyword:  Baluwarti, Kasunanan Surakarta Palace, Preserve Area, Tourism Development, Traditional Local Rulers.