Green Diesel: Production Aspects and Perspectives

Abstract

This article addresses the challenges of the energy transition, focusing on reducing dependence on fossil fuels. It aims to analyze how Brazilian public policies have influenced the country’s energy matrix, significantly contributing to the development and commercial use of biofuels. Additionally, it critically evaluates the necessary measures for the adoption of green diesel, a fuel more similar to mineral diesel that can be used in its entirety, without requiring a blend, as opposed to biodiesel. To achieve this, the key differences between these two types of fuels are discussed, including an evaluation of established and emerging raw materials, highlighting their economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages. The article also explores the main production routes for biodiesel and green diesel, emphasizing their technical aspects and the role of catalysis in the synthesis of biofuels. Finally, the need for investments in biofuel synthesis is analyzed to expand sustainable production, significantly contributing to the reduction of gas emissions and enhancing the country’s energy security.