No una sino muchas repúblicas: Una aproximación a las bases teóricas del republicanismo peruano, 1821-1834

Abstract

The article seeks to explore three strands of Peruvian republicanism between 1821 and 1834. One of these was the «patria cientí fica» [scientific homeland] which flourished within the heart of the Sociedad Patriótica de Lima. This was represented by a group of scientific men, headed by Hipólito Unanue and among whom José Gregorio Paredes played a leading role. The second strand was of a legal-philosophical character due to its emphasis on concepts like freedom and sovereignty, and was forged in discussions over the possibility of either a constitutional monarchy or a strictly republican regime whose main spokesman was the Trujillo lawyer José Faustino Sánchez Carrión. Militarized republicanism, the third category of thought discussed in this article, arose as a response to the problem of the war against the Spanish empire and was the brainchild of soldiers of the Republic like Domingo Nieto.