Eficacia de una intervención educativa telefónica para mejorar el grado de preparación intestinal en colonoscopias ambulatorias

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of a nursing intervention by telephone In patients with outpatient colonoscopy, regarding the improvement in the level of bowel preparation. Secondary objectives: to reduce the number of colonoscopies with inadequate preparation, as well as of rescheduling and lack of presentation. Method: an experimental randomized study in patients without previous colonoscopies from the Hospital Son Esposes, (Spain). Sample size was calculated in 852 patients The control arm (CA) received an information sheet about the adequate bowel preparation, and the intervention arm (IA) also received a telephone call 7-10 days before the colonoscopy, as a reminder of the appointment, and with a detailed explanation of the adequate preparation. The primary outcome variable was bowel preparation according to the Boston scale classified into: adequate (≥ 6 points) or inadequate (< 6 points). Results: of the 440 patients initially included in the CA, 15.9% did not attend the test, vs. 1 % of the 405patients in the IA (p < 0,00 1). A sample of 622 patients was achieved: 319 in the CA and 303 in the IA. In the IA, 6.3% presented inadequate preparation vs. 16% in the CA (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses confirmed the impact of the intervention as a factor protecting against inadequate preparation (OR CI95% 0.345 (0.1970.605)). Likewise, less rescheduling was required in the IA vs, the CA (1.7% vs. 9.1 %,p< 0.001). Conclusions: the nursing intervention by telephone achieved an improvement in the level of bowel preparation, and a reduction in rescheduling and lack of presentations, which are aspects with impact both on the quality of endoscopy and on resource management.