A Review on Green Synthesis of TiO2 NPs: Synthesis and Applications in Photocatalysis and Antimicrobial

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a fast-expanding area with several applications in science, engineering, health, pharmacy, and other fields. Several physical/chemical techniques are often used to manu-facture nanoparticles (NPs). Simpler, safer, and more cost-effective green synthesis technologies have recently been developed. The synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in a green/sustainable manner has gotten a lot of interest in the previous quarter. Bioactive components present in organisms such as plants and bacteria enhance the bio-reduction and capping processes. The biogenic synthesis of TiO2 NPs, as well as the synthesis methods and formation process, are discussed in this review. A range of natural reducing agents including proteins, enzymes, phyto-chemicals, and others, are involved in the synthesis of TiO2 NPs. The physics of antibacterial and photocatalysis applications were also thoroughly discussed. Finally, we provide an overview of current research and future concerns in biologically mediated TiO2 nanostructures-based feasible platforms for industrial applications.