A Review on Metal- Organic Frameworks (MOFS), Synthesis, Activation, Characterisation, and Application

Abstract

A myriad of MOFs reported in the literature are made up of transition metal ions (nodes), single or in clusters, braced by organic supports or ligands. But there are other MOFs in which the central metal are non-transition elements. MOFs are prepared by the combination of inorganic and organic building units to give materials with high porosity, and other unique properties. Due to MOFs unique structural topographies, they find applications in diverse areas such as gas adsorption, gas purification and separation, catalysis, and in drug delivery. In this review article, the design and methods for MOFs synthesis, MOFs- activation, characterization, as well as organic linkers used for the making of MOFs are discussed. Furthermore the shortage of MOFs research based on silicon-containing aryl building units as well as boron-containing building units in comparison to carbon-containing building units are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academics.