GC/MS analysis and bioactive properties of extracts obtained from Clusia minor L. Leaves

Abstract

Clusia minor L. is traditionally used to treat many disorders that including pain and inflammation such as sores and warts. Four extracts from the leaves of the plant were prepared: hexane (A), ethyl acetate (B), methanol (C) and ethanol (E). GC/MS analysis of extracts B and C led to the identification of thirty-three and twenty-seven compounds, respectively. The presence of vitamin E and lupeol was relevant in both extracts. All extracts showed effective radical scavenger properties in the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, being extract E the most promissory (IC50 = 10.25 μg/mL). Extracts A, C and E, administered topically (0.5–4 mg per ear), significantly reduced ear edema induced by croton oil at 4 mg per ear, meanwhile, extract B was able to significantly reduce the inflammation at the dose of 2 mg per ear. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was evaluated against four cell lines. Extract B showed the most cytotoxicity effect, with IC50 values in the range of 32.01-203.5 μg/mL. In addition, no acute oral toxicity after mice exposure to the four extracts was observed. The results suggest Clusia minor L. may be an excellent potential source of new bioactive agents for the development of new medicinal agents.