In-Hospital 30-Day Survival Among Young Adults With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Our objective was to characterize young adult patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify predictors of survival at 30 days. Methods: This retrospective cohort study took place at 12 acute care hospitals in the New York City area. Patients aged 18-39 hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 between March 1 and April 27, 2020 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were extracted from electronic health record reports. Results: A total of 1013 patients were included in the study (median age, 33 years; interquartile range [IQR], 28-36; 52% female). At the study end point, 940 (92.8%) patients were discharged alive, 18 (1.8%) remained hospitalized, 5 (0.5%) were transferred to another acute care facility, and 50 (4.9%) died. The most common comorbidities in hospitalized young adult patients were obesity (51.2%), diabetes mellitus (14.8%), and hypertension (13%). Multivariable analysis revealed that obesity (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-5.73; P =. 002) and Charlson comorbidity index score (aHR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.07-1.35; P =. 002) were independent predictors of in-hospital 30-day mortality. Conclusions: Obesity was identified as the strongest negative predictor of 30-day in-hospital survival in young adults with COVID-19.