Canines as sentinels for Lyme disease in San Diego County, California

Abstract

Prevalence of Lyme borreliosis in canine sentinels has been shown to correlate with infection in humans. One thousand canine sera (917 dogs, 83 coyotes) obtained from animal control authorities and area veterinarians were screened by ELISA for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. Results were validated by Western blot and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests at referee laboratories. Criterion for a positive Western blot was presence of 5 of 10 of the most common antigen IgG bands; for IFA, >1:128 or the equivalent when correcting for interlaboratory variability. Twenty-two of 1,000 canines were confirmed serologically positive (21 dogs and 1 coyote; seroprevalence 2.3% and 1.2%, respectively). Lifestyle, breed size, gender, and age were not statistically predictive of seropositive status. No regional clustering of seropositive animals was detected. The low prevalence of seropositivity in sentinel canines suggests the Lyme borreliosis hazard in San Diego County is minimal.