Architectural-Typological Innovations as a Key Factor for Sustainable Development of Specially Protected Natural Areas

Abstract

The issues of improving the architectural solutions of the objects of infrastructure for specially protected natural areas of the Russian Federation considered from the point of view of tourist activity activation. Extensive international experience analyzed. The relationship investigated between the typological diversity of buildings and structures and the categories of territories, which is determined depending on the landscape value and the mode of operation (reserves, national parks, natural parks, nature sanctuary, natural monuments, arboretums and botanical gardens). The conclusions were that the development of scientific research and educational activities in natural areas and settlements with active tourist traffic should be associated with the design and construction of multifunctional buildings, saturation of areas with municipal and engineering facilities contributes for the safety of operation, the use of resource-saving technologies increases the comfort of people's stay.