Simulation on Current Density Distribution of Current-Carrying Friction Pair Used in Pantograph-Catenary System

Abstract

Pantograph-catenary system is the key part of train current collection. The current density distribution of current-carrying friction pair used in pantograph-catenary system affects the safety running of train. At present, there is little research on the current density distribution of the friction pair. Because it is difficult to measure the current density directly, it is necessary to study by simulation. A sliding electrical contact simulation model of pantograph-catenary system was established by COMSOL Multiphysics software. The current density distribution of the friction pair under normal, light, and heavy rain conditions were studied with the simulation model. The current density isosurface in contact wire is saddle-shaped, and that in slide is arc-shaped. Under normal condition, the current density of contact area increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of contact force. It increases with the increase of current and decreases with the increase of sliding speed. Under rain condition, the current density decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of contact force. It increases with the increase of current. It increases firstly, then decreases and finally increases with the increase of sliding speed. Under the same contact force, sliding speed, and current conditions, the current density under rain condition is lower than that under no rain condition. Finally, the validity of the model was verified.