A case of Kaposi’s sarcoma of tonsil with profuse bleeding in an HIV-positive patient

Abstract

Kaposi’s sarcoma is the most common AIDS-associated malignancy. Kaposi’s sarcoma in the oral cavity and oropharynx present as a macular, papular, or nodular lesion on the palate, gingiva, or tongue which may look pink, reddish, or purplish. Kaposi’s sarcoma of the tonsils is relatively less common compared with other sites in the oral cavity and oropharynx. We report a case of Kaposi’s sarcoma of tonsil with profuse bleeding requiring emergency tracheostomy to protect the airway followed by tonsillectomy to control the bleeding. Our initial diagnosis was hemangioma or a pyogenic granuloma. The patient tested positive for a retroviral infection and the histopathology report was compatible with Kaposi’s sarcoma. Antiretroviral therapy and radiotherapy were given after stabilizing the patient. Kaposi’s sarcoma of tonsils is relatively uncommon and it is unusual to cause profuse bleeding. Various treatment options are available but there are no standard treatment protocols. Treatments options depend on the site, size, stage, and immune status of the patient.