Demographic and clinical features associated with in-hospital mortality in egyptian covid-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

AIM: We evaluated in this study the demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 disease in the Egyptian population with special consideration for its mortality predictors. METHODS: About 8162 participants (mean age 48.7 ± 17.3 years, 54.5% males) with RT-PCR positive COVID-19 were included. The electronic medical records were reviewed for demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality was 11.2%. There was a statistically significant strong association of in-hospital mortality with age >60-years-old (OR: 4.7; 95% CI 4.1–5.4; p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR: 4.6; 95% CI 3.99–5.32; p <0.001), hypertension (OR: 3.9; 95% CI 3.4–4.5; p < 0.001), coronary artery disease (OR: 2.7; 95% CI 2.2–3.2; p < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.1; 95% CI 1.7–2.5; p < 0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR: 4.8; 95% CI 3.9–5.9; p < 0.001), malignancy (OR: 3.7; 95% CI 2.3–5.75; p < 0.001), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio >3.1 (OR: 6.4; 95% CI 4.4–9.5; p < 0.001), and ground glass opacities (GGOs) in CT chest (OR: 3.5; 95% CI 2.84–4.4; p < 0.001), respectively. There was a statistically significant moderate association of in-hospital mortality with male gender (OR: 1.6; 95% CI 1.38–1.83; p < 0.001) and smoking (OR: 1.6; 95% CI 1.3–1.9; p < 0.001). GGOs was reported as the most common CT finding (occurred in 73.1% of the study participants). CONCLUSION: This multicenter, retrospective study ascertained the higher in-hospital mortality rate in Egyptian COVID-19 patients with different comorbidities.