Effects of radiation exposure on brain health: a state of the art and new challenges

Abstract

Good brain health refers to a condition in which a person may fully realize their talents and improve their psychological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral functioning to cope with life’s challenges. Various causes of CNS diseases are now being investigated. Radiation is one of the factors that affects the brain and causes a variety of problems. The emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles via space or a material medium is known as radiation. Particle beams and electromagnetic waves are two types of ionizing radiation that have the potential to ionize atoms in a material (separating them into positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons). Radiation to the CNS can induce delayed puberty, which can lead to hyperprolactinemia, and the hypothalamic-pituitary axis can lead to gonadotropin deficit if the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is involved in the radiation field. Ionizing radiation is the most common kind of radiation. Here, we focus on the different effects of radiation on brain health. In this article, we will look at a variety of CNS diseases and how radiation affects each one, as well as how it affects the brain’s numerous processes.