Methods and reliability of tissue doppler imaging for assessment of left ventricular radial wall motion in horses

Abstract

Background: Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular (LV) function is incompletely studied in horses. Objectives: The goals of this study were to investigate the feasibility, techniques, and reliability of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for characterization of LV radial wall motion in healthy horses. Animals: Three Standardbreds, 3 Thoroughbreds; age 8-14 years; body weight 517-606 kg. Methods: Repeated echocardiographic examinations were performed by 2 observers in unsedated horses using TDI. Test reliability was determined by estimating measurement variability, within-day interobserver variability, and between-day interobserver and intraobserver variability of all echocardiographic variables. Variability was expressed as coefficient of variation (CV) and the absolute value below which the difference between 2 measurements will lie with 95% probability. Results: Assessment of LV radial wall motion by TDI was feasible in all horses. Measurement variabilities were very low (CV < 5%) to low (CV 5-15%) for most variables. Within-day interobserver variability as well as between-day interobserver and intraobserver variabilities were low to moderate (CV 16-25%) for most variables. All pulsed-wave TDI variables of systolic LV function showed very low to low variability, whereas some of the variables of LV diastolic and LA function showed moderate to high (CV > 25%) variability. Pulsed-wave TDI variables appeared more reliable than color TDI variables. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Measurement of TDI indices of LV function is feasible and reliable in adult Standardbred and Thoroughbred horses. The clinical relevance of LV function assessment by TDI remains to be determined. © 2009 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.