Technique for ultrasound-guided radiofrequency denervation of genicular nerves for chronic knee pain

Abstract

Genicular nerve radiofrequency denervation (GNRFD), also called radiofrequency ablation or genicular neurotomy, has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective method of treating and managing chronic knee pain caused by osteoarthritis (OA). The genicular nerves have been identified as key sensory nerves that innervate the knee joint. Using ultrasound guidance, the genicular nerves can be heated to temperatures up to 80°C, creating a local neuronal lesion, causing denervation and therefore temporarily alleviating knee pain. GNRFD is an effective treatment for those with chronic knee pain in whom conservative treatment has failed, who are poor candidates for surgery or who are on an extended waiting list for their surgery. This article outlines the technique for introducing the radiofrequency (RF) probes so the tip is in close proximity to the genicular nerves using ultrasound guidance.