Review—Versatile MXenes in Biosensing Applications: A Recent Trend

Abstract

Layered two-dimensional materials have gained tremendous attention in the area of bio sensing. Among two-dimensional materials (2D), MXenes have been recognized as versatile material for advanced biosensing applications. Recently, MXenes have gained huge popularity due to their good biocompatibility, high metallic conductivity, exceptional hydrophilicity, ease of surface functionalization, high surface area, better redox ability, and high heterogeneous transfer rate of electron. Antitoxicity and anti-fouling properties, hydrophilic behaviour, and biocompatibility have unfolded new avenues for MXenes in performing in vivo and in vitro analysis. This review comprehensively assesses the basic concept and distinctive properties of MXenes along with MXene synthesis and strategies in the growth of different wearable, immunosensors, optical and electrochemical biosensors. In addition, challenges in the usage of MXenes for biosensors are compiled with future scope. This review is considered to elucidate the growth of MXenes in biosensing and is believed to open possibilities in translational applications for MXene bio-assays and development of advanced MXene based biosensors having higher selectivity and sensitivity.