2-D histogram based multilevel thresholding for image segmentation by hybrid bacterial foraging optimization and particle swarm optimization

Abstract

The objective of image segmentation is to extract meaningful clusters in given image. Meaningful clusters are possible with perfect threshold values which are optimized by assuming Renyi entropy as an objective function. A 1-D histogram based multilevel thresholding is computationally complex and segmented image visual quality comparatively low because of equal distribution of energy over the entire histogram plan. To overcome the problem, a 2-D histogram based multilevel thresholding is proposed in this paper by maximizing the Renyi entropy with a novel Hybrid Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization (hBFOA-PSO) and the obtained results are compared with state of art optimization techniques. The results of the proposed model have been evaluated on a standard image dataset. The results obtained after implementing a 2-D histogram suggest hBFOA-PSO can be effectively used won multilevel thresholding problems resulting in a high accuracy.