Language and Culture in Speech-Language and Audiology Practice: A Global Narrative Review to Inform Contextually Responsive Services in Africa

Abstract

This narrative review synthesizes global literature on the influence of language and culture in Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology (SLPA), with emphasis on Africa. Fourteen studies were thematically analysed, revealing assessment bias, cultural dissonance, and clinician–client mismatches rooted in Eurocentric training and tools. These challenges reflect broader inequities in intercultural health communication. While strategies such as interpreter use, family-centred care, and culturally adapted assessments show promise, they remain constrained by systemic gaps. In South Africa, demographic mismatches and colonial legacies intensify these challenges. Afrocentric approaches, curriculum reform, policy enforcement, and cultural humility are critical for equitable SLPA practice.