Preliminary study of Indonesia capital city relocation based on disaster mitigation principle with mental model approach

Abstract

Jakarta (capital city of Indonesia) is threatened by potential disaster in the future. Furthermore, scientists predict that Jakarta will sink in 2050. Currently, northern Jakarta has sunk by 2.5 meters in a period of 10 years due to human activities along with natural conditions which causes disaster, such as land subsidence by infrastructure construction and excessively use of groundwater, poor drainage systems, and a constant sea level rise. Government of Indonesia also considers several effects of capital city relocation such as changes in the fields of economy, politics, defense, security, social, culture, and environment. This study examine environmental aspects considered in the capital city relocation, associated to disaster mitigation using a mental model approach. Environmental aspects as the main factors are from human activities which caused by decrease of natural carrying capacity and natural conditions itself that caused an increase of disaster vulnerability. Both of these aspects are elaborated to compile a study of capital city relocation based on the disaster prevention principle. The study through a mental framework model can assist the government and relevant stakeholders in the formulation of capital city relocation. Jakarta, as the capital city of Indonesia, several sectors has facing rapid growing development, particularly in the sector of trade, industry, transportation, real estate, and many others.