Homogeneous esterification of cellulose in the mixture N-butylpyridinium chloride/dimethylsulfoxide

Abstract

The present study deals with the homogeneous acylation of cellulose with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride in a reaction medium composed of a mixture of 1-butylpyridinium chloride and dimethylsulfoxide (BPyCl/DMSO), in the presence of different bases and under mild conditions. The preparation of cellulose p-nitrobenzoate depending on the reaction conditions, the influences of reaction parameters such as the base type, and the types of cellulose (kraft and microcrystalline) on the products were investigated. Cellulose p-nitrobenzoate with a degree of substitution (DS) in the range from 0.12 to 1.5 was accessible, with a low excess of reagent and for a short reaction time. The cellulose esters were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and solubility tests.