Counselors’ Remark Patterns and Intervention Methods for Facilitating Clients’ Self Actualization from a Metacognitive Viewpoint in Career Counseling

Abstract

The counselors’ remark-patterns composed of 16 items for facilitating clients’ self-actualization from a metacognitive viewpoint in career counseling were developed, based on the idea that the metacognitive process of self-actualization in career development might be expressed in such a formula as “Value × Expectancy × Strategy” (Adachi, 1988). Their effectiveness was investigated, using the experimental method in which the subjects playing a counselor role manipulated the remark-patterns according to the procedure in the role-playing. The role-playing was administered to 38 male high school teachers and 120 male university students. The main results were as follows : (1) as a whole, it could be said that the remark-patterns had the effect of improving the metacognition both on expectancy of self-actualization and insight of real problems; (2) The items of remark-patterns were found effective. They were thought to be related to both the interaction between ideal self and motivation, and the interaction between strategy and motivation. Based on the above results, intervention methods were discussed. © 1990, The Japanese Association of Educational Psychology. All rights reserved.