Estado nutricional, comorbilidades y factores de riesgo asociados a la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en niños, Francisco Morazán, Honduras

Abstract

Worldwide, 52 million children are acutely malnourished, 155 million are chronically malnourished, and 41 million are overweight or obese. In Honduras, 1.9% of children are acutely malnourished, 19% are chronically malnourished, and 4.5% are overweight or obese. It is necessary to analyze the food and nutrition security (FNS) of the populations, to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases and guarantee the human right to adequate food. Goals. To characterize the nutritional status, the incidence of comorbidities, and risk factors associated with food and nutritional security in children who attend Integral Development Centers (CDI). Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out between January and June 2019. A sample of 170 children was obtained after the nutritional screen of 1,150 children. The data collection was carried out through the application of two instruments, instrument 1 collected the anthropometric data, and instrument 2 collected the data corresponding to the determination of the quality and diversity of the diet and the SAN index. The study was disseminated in the CDI obtaining their approval, informed consent was authorized to the parents, and informed assent was to the participating children. Results: The categorization of malnutrition was: 24.0% (41) with malnutrition, 38.0% (64) with overweight, and 38.0% (65) with obesity, with 61.2% (104) incidence of comorbidities. conclusions. The prevalence of malnutrition was 16.0% (179), the quality of the children's diet is intermediate, and the diversity of the diet was categorized predominantly as the medium. The child population with malnutrition reflected food insecurity in 70.0% (119) related to a poor level of access to food and deficient food consumption.