Elevated levels of hsa_circ_006100 in gastric cancer promote cell growth and metastasis via miR-195/GPRC5A signalling

Abstract

Objectives: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs, some of which are thought to be involved in gastric cancer development. Here, we examined the functions of circRNA hsa_circ_006100 in gastric cancer cells and an animal model of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The expression of hsa_circ_006100, miR-195 and various functional genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Cell viability, clone formation, apoptosis and cell migration/invasion abilities were analysed by the CCK-8 assay, crystal violet staining, Hoechst staining and Transwell assay, respectively. A tumour model was established by subcutaneously injecting tumour cells into nude mice. Levels of protein expression were analysed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: A bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-195 was negatively co-expressed with hsa_circ_006100. Patients with a high hsa_circ_006100 level or low miR-195 level had tumours with a high TNM stage, poor cellular differentiation and lymph node metastasis. miR-195 was targeted and inhibited by hsa_circ_006100. Overexpression of hsa_circ_006100 enhanced cellular viability and proliferation, while miR-195 suppressed hsa_circ_006100-enhanced cell growth and induced apoptosis in MGC-803 and AGS cells. Forced hsa_circ_006100 expression promoted the migration and invasion of MGC-803 and AGS cells, while those activities were inhibited by miR-195. Mechanistically, GPRC5A was predicted as a target of miR-195 and was upregulated in gastric cancer. A miR-195 inhibitor restored cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, and repressed apoptosis via GPRC5A. In vivo studies showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_006100 delayed tumour growth, reduced PCNA expression and upregulated miR-195 and BCL-2 expression which was restored by miR-195 inhibition due to GPRC5A/EGFR signalling, and changed the EMT phenotype in vivo. Conclusions: Hsa_circ_006100 functions as an oncogene in gastric cancer and exerts its effects via miR-195/GPRC5A signalling.