Assessment and comparison of the capsular width of temporomandibular joint on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and clinical usefulness of ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) imaging. Materials and Methods: By USG and MRI the distance between the most lateral point of the articular capsule and the most lateral point of the mandibular condyle (lateral capsule-condyle distance) was measured, and both the values were compared in normal asymptomatic volunteers as well as in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in both open and closed mouth positions. A total of 40 joints were analysed in which 19 were asymptomatic and 21 were joints with TMD. Capsular width of TMJ was measured and compared in normal and joints with TMD joints using unpaired t test. Widths were also compared in images obtained with MRI and USG. Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to find out if there exists any relationship between the capsular width measured with MRI and USG. Results: Results show that both the modalities viz. MRI as well as USG are effective in differentiating the capsular width of normal joints to that of joints with TMD joints. Although capsular widths obtained with MRI and USG are not equal, they are positively correlated. Conclusion: USG can be used for the preliminary investigation of patients with TMD.