Terapêutica citoprotetora em pacientes tratados com quimio e/ou radioterapia anti neoplásica

Abstract

In recent years, cytoprotective agents have been developed to protect normal cells from the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The ideal cytoprotectant is that which is able to allow intensfication of chemotherapy; protects a broad spectrum of normal tissues and organs when used with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents; confers specific protection for normal tissues; preserves anti tumour activity and has little or manageable toxicity of its own. A cytoprotectant is administered prior to cytotoxic therapy, in contrast to the colony stimulant factors and Leucovorin, which are administered after chemotherapy to rescue the bone marrow and stimulate haematological recovery. Currently there are three cytoprotectors: two chemotherapy-specific (Dexrazoxane and Mesna) and one broad-spectrum (Amifostine). The authors discuss the main properties and usefulness of these drugs in Oncohematology.