The Effect of ICT Index, Constant GRDP, HDI, and Gini Ratio by Province on Percentage of Poor Population (P0) in Indonesia, 2019-2021

Abstract

Digital and information technology has evolved very rapidly in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. This affects all spheres of life of the Indonesian people. The Information and Communication Technology Development Index (IP-TIK) is a standard measure to describe a region's information and communication technology development level, digital divide and ICT development potential. A region's population poverty rate, regional GDP growth, Human Development Index and Gini coefficient all affect the region's Information and Communication Technology Index (ICT Index). In this study, the authors wanted to know which variables had the greatest impact and how these variables affected scores on the Information and Communication Technology Index (ICT). Research methods use literature research data and quantitative methods. This study uses convergent validity, discriminant validity and composite reliability testing tools. The researchers used SmartPLS 3.2.9 software to determine R-squared values using partial least squares (PLS). The R-squared test results show that the R-squared value of the variable IP ICT is 0.906, which is interpreted as the ability of the model "Percentage of poor population in each province and region (P0), constant GRDP, HDI". It is OK. The Gini coefficient of each province explaining the ICT Index variable is 90.6%, and the remaining 9.4% is explained by other variables.