Guideline to an Effective Implementation of Student-Centered Learning in Engineering Education: Informal Cooperative Learning (ICL)

Abstract

The year 2020 witnessed several world transformations: from the new millennial of the 21st Century into the 4th Industrial Revolution, and now with the global pandemic of Covid-19. All these require educational transformations, especially in engineering. The challenging world requires new skills, particularly lifelong learning, complex problem solving and adaptability, the blurring systems of the 4th Industrial Revolution needs dynamic and integrated curriculum, and the global pandemic forces the extensive use of online learning. All these transformations, with respect to engineering education, requires the transformation of education from teacher-centered to student-centered learning (SCL), as outlined in the Outcome-Based Education (OBE). This paper systematically addresses how the transformation of engineering education can be achieved with effective implementation of SCL using a simple but just as powerful method, the Informal Cooperative Learning (ICL).