Beneficial Effects of Sulforaphane on Diabetes and Its Complications via Both Nrf2-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms

Abstract

Sulforaphane (SFN) is a type of phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli. It belongs to the group of organosulfur compounds and is produced from glucoraphanin through the action of myrosinase when these vegetables are consumed. SFN is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may have a positive effect on human health and disease. Type 2 diabetes, a chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, is becoming increasingly common in modern societies worldwide. This disease can lead to complications that affect the functions of important organs like heart, kidneys, and eyes. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which SFN acts at the cellular and molecular levels and discuss its potential role in preventing the complications of type 2 diabetes.