A Review on Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Water

Abstract

Bioremediation is considered as one of the safer, cleaner, cost effective and environmental friendly technology for decontaminating sites which are contaminated with wide range of pollutants. The term bioremediation has been introduced to describe the process of using biological agent to remove toxic waste from environment. Bioremediation is the most effective management tool to manage the polluted environment and recover contaminated soil. The process of bioremediation uses various agents such as bacteria, fungi, algae and higher plants as major tools in treating heavy metals present in the environment. Bioremediation, both In situ and ex-situ have also enjoyed strong scientific growth, in part due to the increased use of natural attenuation, since most natural attenuation is due to biodegradation. Bioremediation and natural attention are also seen as a solution for emerging contaminant problems. Microbes are very helpful to remediate the contaminated environment.