Lipid lowering effect of teneligliptin in comparison to simvastatin in diet induced hyperlipidemic rats

Abstract

Gliptins are drugs that inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and are one of the current treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to compare the lipid lowering effects of teneligliptin with simvastatin in diet induced hyperlipidemic rats.22 Sprague Dawley male rats were administered high fat diet over a period of 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia, after which, 10 rats each in groups 1 and 2wereorally gavaged with simvastatin (standard) and teneligliptin (treatment) respectively for 2 weeks. 2 rats in group 3 were vehicle controls. Blood samples were collected at baseline, at the end of 4 weeks and 6 weeks to determine the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Histopathology of liver and aorta of 2 control animals and 3 animals each from the groups 1 and 2 was done at the end of the study.A paired t test showed a statistically significant reduction in mean total cholesterol (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.003), but no significant change in mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.796) in teneligliptin group at the end of 6 weekscompared to the pre-treatment values. There was no statistically significant difference between the simvastatin and teneligliptin groups in all the four lipid parameters studied. Compared to baseline, there was a rise in body weight after induction and a reduction post-treatmentin both groups which did not achieve statistical significance. Histopathology of liver in both groups 2 and 3 demonstrated reversal of the congestion and mild fatty changes which were apparent in the control group while sections of aorta failed to reveal any significant changes even in the control group.The lipid lowering property of teneligliptin demonstrated in this study will be therapeutically beneficial in type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia.