Karst in France and UNESCO world heritage

Abstract

French Karst covers the third of the territory. Because calcareous deposits date back to the Cambrian and are now located in tabular region as well as in tectonic areas, French karst is famous for its diversity. Large karst landscapes are well known, such as Les Grands Causses, the Gorges du Tarn and the Gorges du Verdon. Resurgences such as the Vaucluse Fountain and the spring of the Lez are very famous too. Karstic units can show very large dimensions: 400 km for the six hydrological networks of the Pierre Saint-Martin, 104 km for the Arbas Mountain. Maximum depths can reach high records, at Pierre Saint Martin, Berger Cave, Jean Bernard Cave and recently Mirolda Cave was acknowledged to reach 1733-meter depth. Studies proceeded during the last century have revealed an important cave fauna. Considering the heritage value of French karst, the key point is not only the presence of more than 160 decorated caves from Palaeolithic period but also the number of caves showing concretions. Moreover, a rare phenomenon has to be underlined: in Ariege, the Intermittent Fontestorbes Spring is the most regularly and completely studied resurgence in the world, This amount of exceptional features for these caves commands to organise studies and programmes to establish conditions of a good conservation of this heritage for the next generations.