Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic Activity of N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Water Extract from Durian Leaves (Durio Zibethinus L.)

Abstract

The leaf of Durian (Durio zibenthinus L.) contain flavonoids and steroids in ethanol extract. Natural flavonoids have an important role in the prevention of diabetes and its complications and are able to provide good effects in the fight against diabetes mellitus, either through the ability to reduce glucose absorption and improve glucose tolerance. The purpose of this research is to know the activity of antidiabetic extract of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water from durian leaf ethanol extract. The results of phytochemical screening screen showed that durian leaf contains chemical compounds of flavonoids, steroids, and glycosides. The treatment was gradual to obtain durian leaf extract i.e. with 96% ethanol, then partitioned gradually with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Therefore, the extract of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water is obtained. All three extracts were tested activity antidiabetic with inhibition method of alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity. The inhibitory results of alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity showed IC50 values for n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water extracts of 9.79 mu g/mL; 38.18 mu g/mL and 35.83 mu g/mL. The results show that the polar chemical component of the durian leaf is potential as an antidiabetic.