Index and Sustainability Status of Agricultural Mechanization for Paddy Field in Indonesia

Abstract

The use of agricultural machinery is one of the important factors in increasing agricultural production. A quantitative assessment of the agricultural mechanization index and its impact on agricultural production is needed in planning the development of agricultural mechanization nationally. This study aims to determine the value of the agricultural mechanization index which consists of the degree, level, and capacity of agricultural mechanization for tools and agricultural machinery for pre-harvest rice (2-wheel tractor, 4-wheel tractor, water pump, and rice transplanter). This research was conducted in several stages, namely collecting data, observing the working capacity of 3 units of machinery for each type of machinery, processing data and making agricultural mechanization index maps. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the average value of the degree of agricultural mechanization for 2-wheel tractors, 4-wheel tractors, water pumps and rice transplanters was 56.68%, 55.13%, 10.55 % and 13.94%. The average value of mechanization level in Indonesia is 0.45 hp/ha and the average value of mechanization capacity for rice pre-harvest activities in Indonesia is 1.28 kW hour/ha. In addition, based on the results of the classification of mechanization level, cropping index and rice productivity, it can be seen that the provinces of East Java, Central Java, West Java, Banten, DI Yogyakarta and Aceh are provinces that are recommended to increase the number of agricultural machinery, especially 2-wheel tractors, 4-wheel tractors. water pump and rice transplanter.