PREVALENCE OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (VRSA) IN SOME EGYPTIAN HOSPITALS

Abstract

A long time ago, we found that increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens and strains in serious infections, the reason of distribution of these strains is because of the miss use of antibiotics to treat humans against different microorganisms,one of the most important infectious etiological agent is Staphylococcus aureus.Staphylococcus aureus strains were recovered from approximately 514 clinical samples were collected from patients admitted to Beni-Suef Public Hospitals,Assuit University and Beni-Suef University Hospital,Demerdash Hospital,S. Galal Hospital.Vancomycin resistance was determined by broth dilution method. Resistance against different antibiotics were determined by disc diffusion method. Screening for virulence genes were performed by PCR method.we found that From 514 clinical samples we found that staphylococcus strain were 308 strains (59.9%),and we found that staphylococcus aureus strain were 296 strains (96.1 %). Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain were 215 (72.6 %). Collected MRSA strains were distributed as 184 VSSA (85.5%),19VISA (8.8 %), and12 VRSA strains (5.5 %).The incidences of VRSA in hospitalized sample equal to non-hospitalized sample.The resistant genes detected from 31 strain (VISA and VRSA) were Mec A in 15 isolates (48.3 %),Van A in 12 isolates (38.7%), Panton valentine lucocidine toxin (lucotoxin) in 16 isolates (51.6 %), Enterotoxin type A in 18 isolates (58 %) followed by TSST in 14 isolates (45.1 %), and the lower incidences observed in genes of Exfoliative toxin type A in 5 isolates (16.1 %) and Exfoliative toxin type B in 1 isolate (3.22 %).The results of study provide that the high prevalence of VRSA in Egypt, andthe necessity for new and effective drugs against VRSA.