Efectividad de un programa de consejo antitabaco intensivo realizado por profesionales de enfermería

Abstract

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of a systematic intensive tobacco counselling programme conducted by nursing professionals. Design. Randomised clinical trial with control. Setting. Primary care nursing and medical consultations. Participants. Smokers requesting help in our centre's medical clinics during the recruitment period, up to the sample size required (125). Inclusion criteria were: aged between 18 and 70, people who smoked during the preceding month any number of cigarettes a day, and a score over 7 on the Richmond test. Interventions. The patients recruited were randomised, according to the clinic from which they came, to the group that received brief counselling from the doctor (control group) or to the group that received brief counselling plus nursing follow-up (intervention group). Follow-up visits were programmed in this latter group for up to 3 months after giving up smoking. Main measurements. Abstinence at 12 and 24 months. Results. The effectiveness of the intervention considered as the rate of abstinence at 12 months was 13.8% (95% CI, 6.5-24.7) in the control group and 6.7% (95% CI, 1.8-16.2) in the intervention group, with no significant differences between the two. Conclusions. In smokers seen in primary care, the effectiveness of a programme of intensive tobacco counselling by nursing staff is no more effective than the doctor's brief, one-off counselling. Brief counselling has a better cost-effectiveness relationship than intensive counselling.