Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Protein Expression in Muscle of Obese Mexican Adolescents: A Proteomic and Bioinformatic Analysis

Abstract

The beneficial effects of exercise have been recognized for many years yet the molecular mechan-isms by which exercise show benefits on health are still elusive. A combination of experimental and bioinformatics approaches can be an invaluable tool to increase the cellular understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the aerobic exercise in obese adolescents. Muscle skelet-al proteins were separated by 2D-PAGE and changes in protein expression were revealed by Im-ageMaster 2D Platinum analysis software. Proteins with expression changes after aerobic exercise were identified by comparison with 2D maps from SWISS-2DPAGE and interactions of proteins were analyzed with STRING and DAVID databases. After aerobic exercise, all participants de-creased glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, body mass index and waist circumference. Proteomic differential analysis revealed 10 overexpressed proteins after aerobic training, which correspond to carbonic anhydrase III, beta enolase, creatine kinase, ATP synthase beta subunit, aldolase A, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and adenylate kinase. Exercise increased glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, which is likely to be regulated by ubiquitin c protein. In conclusion, our analysis sug-gested that obese adolescents show changes in their body mass index, waist circumference and serum glucose after aerobic exercise through improved protein expression patterns that aid, es-pecially, glucose metabolism and increase the oxidative phosphorylation. The most likely expla-nation for the observed pattern is that ubiquitin c protein keeps the glycolytic enzymes bound * Corresponding author. M. H. Macías-Cervantes et al. 642 within skeletal muscle, obtaining a non-degradative role in cell signaling.