Seasonality of the assemblage of dung beetles (coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) of the botanical garden of cartagena “guillermo piñeres” Bolívar-Colombia

Abstract

Dry Tropical Forests (DTF) in Colombia are in drastic decline due to the expansion of areas used for agricultural and livestock exploitation that have led to the fragmentation of this ecosystem. Given their status as bioindicators, dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) are considered an excellent group to evaluate the effects of anthropogenic disturbances, however, knowledge on the seasonality and diversity of this group within dry forests is scarce for the Bolívar department. In view of filling this information gap, an inventory and seasonal dynamics analysis were performed on the dung beetle assemblage at the Cartagena Botanical Garden. Four surveys (November 2015, January, May, and September 2016) were carried out to cover seasonal variations and precipitation and temperature measurements weretaken. Sampling was accomplished using pitfall traps baited with excrement and carrion. A total of 3550 individuals were captured corresponding to 18 species and ten genera. The highest abundance and lowest species richness were registered in January (dry season). In all samplings, the most abundant functional groups were those of the small telecoprids and paracoprids. Significant differences were registered in abundance and richness between seasons. A significant negative regression was observed between precipitation and richness (r = -0.370) and abundance (r = -0.381). The seasonality of the dry forest exhibited a potential effect on dung beetle assemblage’s abundance, richness, and structure.