Inflammatory odontogenic cyst on an osseointegrated implant: A peri-implant cyst? New entity proposed

Abstract

Peri-implant lesion, an inflammation around the distal portion of an implant, is one of the main reasons for implant failure. It is considered as the equivalent of a periapical granuloma. Theoretically, an inflammatory cyst analogous to a radicular cyst could develop in a peri-implant lesion but this does not appear to have been reported in the literature. Although peri-implantitis and peri-implant lesion are now scientifically accepted as implant failure causes, an inflammatory odontogenic peri-implant cyst that develops from peri-implant granuloma has never been reported previously. Two cases of a peri-implant cyst are reported in this article. Both developed around the apical portion of an implant placed into an area without any preexisting dental infection, periapical granuloma or cyst. Radiographically, they had typical features of a radicular cyst and on pathological examination were lined by a variably hyperplastic non-keratinized epithelium. The name “peri-implant cyst” is proposed for this new entity.