Parsec-scale Variations in the 7 Li i/ 6 Li i Isotope Ratio Toward IC 348 and the Perseus OB 2 Association* †

Abstract

Measurements of the lithium isotopic ratio in the diffuse interstellar medium from high-resolution spectra of the Li i λ 6708 resonance doublet have now been reported for a number of lines of sight. The majority of the results for the 7 Li/ 6 Li ratio are similar to the solar system ratio of 12.2, but the line of sight toward o  Per, a star near the star-forming region IC 348, gave a ratio of about two, the expected value for gas exposed to spallation and fusion reactions driven by cosmic rays. To examine the association of IC 348 with cosmic rays more closely, we measured the lithium isotopic ratio for lines of sight to three stars within a few parsecs of o  Per. One star, HD 281159, has 7 Li/ 6 Li ≃ 2 confirming production by cosmic rays. The lithium isotopic ratio toward o  Per and HD 281159 together with published analyses of the chemistry of interstellar diatomic molecules suggest that the superbubble surrounding IC 348 is the source of the cosmic rays.