TERRITORIAL PLANNING, PLACEMENT AND DESIGN OF BUILDINGS IN ENERGY-EFFICIENT ECOLOGICAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE KHARKIV REGION

Abstract

The article studies the territory of Kharkiv region, identifies favourable territorial, natural, climatic and geographical conditions. A comprehensive study of the design, construction and development of energy-efficient ecological settlements was carried out, taking into account the terrain (territorial, insolation level, orientation to the cardinal points, and methods of placement). The article describes and presents building layouts and energy-saving systems that should be used in the design of energy-efficient ecological settlements. The concept of an energy-efficient ecological settlement in the Kharkiv region has been developed, taking into account all the necessary requirements.  The purpose of the publication is to provide urban planning substantiation of planning decisions, namely, the methods of location and energy-saving systems of buildings for the development of the concept of an energy-efficient ecological settlement in the Kharkiv region. The publication aims to identify areas with comfortable living conditions, create a model of territorial planning and use of public spaces.  Based on the above, it can be concluded that before starting the design, one should carefully select the optimal territory based on natural resources and climatic indicators to determine the conditions for the quality use of alternative energy sources for this territory. When designing energy-saving buildings, it is necessary to consider the elements that will help them accumulate energy for their autonomy. For example, through the use of alternative energy sources, such as solar panels, geothermal heat pumps and wind turbines, an energy-efficient ecological settlement will be completely autonomous and independent of external communications. Following these requirements, a generalised concept of an energy-efficient ecological settlement in the Kharkiv region was developed. The planning solutions focus on environmental protection, economy, energy saving and full autonomy.