Effects of Noise Pollution on Residents Living in Birzebbuga and the Introduction of Effective Mitigation Measures

Abstract

There exists a direct influence of noise pollution on people's quality of life which can lead to several short and long-term health consequences. This paper presents the first phase of a mixed-method study conducted to understand the effects of noise pollution on residents living in Birzebbuga, Malta, followed by a second phase project completed in 2021. A questionnaire was completed by 477 inhabitants to obtain demographic information and data about noise pollution, its influence on residents' activities, and noise source discomfort. The study utilised the International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise's five-scale technique to quantify noise irritation. The survey took place between February and May 2021. Data reported that in 98% of the participants noise pollution is a problem. 61.6% of respondents reported noise annoyance as the main category of pollution on health and well-being, followed by sleeping disorders and fatigue, stress, nervousness, loss of concentration, headaches and reduced ability to work. Given high levels of noise and the effects on the quality of life of residents, this study concludes that noise reduction regulations are a must, and a permanent sound monitoring network within the district of Birzebbuga is a crucial component for an effective low-noise implementation plan.