Independent Japanese midwives: A qualitative study of their practise and beliefs

Abstract

Aim: In the midwifery literature in English, little attention is paid to midwifery practise in Asian countries. To remedy this, we explore the knowledge and beliefs of independent Japanese midwives. Methods: We collected data in natural settings through the active participation of the authors in midwifery work after receiving informed consent. We visited midwives' practise settings and observed ante-partum, intra-partum, and post-partum midwifery practise. We also interviewed the midwives. Throughout the study, the authors discussed the findings with the participating midwives. Results: The concepts that summarize what midwives and women in our study described as the desired outcomes of care were: (i) feelings of happiness and joy; (ii) positive change; (iii) mother-child bonding; and (iv) lifelong health. The concepts that guided the midwifery process were: (i) positive communication; (ii) the woman's commitment to her health; (iii) supporting the woman's own way; (iv) the support of other pregnant women; (v) food as care; (vi) warmth; and (vii) respect for the natural process. The two encompassing features of midwifery practise were: (i) awareness, which includes the assurance of normalcy and the prevention of abnormalities; and (ii) networking and collaboration, which describes the relationships of midwives with their colleagues, doctors, and other health professionals. Conclusion: The traditional knowledge of Japanese midwives offers concepts that might be useful to international midwifery and should be studied more in depth. © 2007 The Authors.