Machine Learning Based Precision Agriculture using Ensemble Classification with TPE Model

Abstract

Many tasks are part of smart farming, including predicting crop yields, analysing soil fertility, making crop recommendations, managing water, and many more. In order to execute smart agricultural tasks, researchers are constantly creating several Machine Learning (ML) models. In this work, we integrate ML with the Internet of Things. Either the UCI dataset or the Kaggle dataset was used to gather the data. Effective data pretreatment approaches, such as the Imputation and Outlier (IO) methods, are necessary to manage the intricacies and guarantee proper analysis when dealing with data that exhibits irregular patterns or contains little changes that can have a substantial influence on analysis and decision making. The goal of this research is to provide a more meaningful dataset by investigating data preparation approaches that are particular to processing data. Following the completion of preprocessing, the data is classified using an average approach based on the Ensemble of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Random Neural Network (PNN), and Clustering-Based Decision Tree (CBDT) techniques. The next step in optimising the hyperparameter tuning of the proposed ensemble classifier is to employ a new Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator (TPE). Applying the suggested TPE based Ensemble classification method resulted in a 99.4 percent boost in accuracy.